Comparative Benchmarks for Various Grounding
Methods |
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Methods of Grounding |
| Characteristics |
Ungrounded |
Solid Grounded |
Low Resistance |
High Resistance |
Immunity to transient over-voltages |
Worst |
Good |
Good |
Best |
Increase in voltage stress under line-to-ground
fault conditions |
Poor |
Best |
Good |
Poor |
Equipment protected against arc fault damage |
Worst |
Poor |
Better |
Best |
Safety to personal |
Worst |
Better |
Good |
Best |
Service reliability |
Worst |
Good |
Better |
Best |
Maintenance cost |
Worst |
Good |
Better |
Best |
Continued production after first ground fault |
Better |
Poor |
Poor |
Best |
Ease of locating first ground fault |
Worst |
Good |
Better |
Best |
Permits designer to coordinate protective
devises |
Not Possible |
Good |
Better |
Best |
Ground fault protection can be added easily |
Worst |
Good |
Better |
Best |
Two voltage levels on the same system |
Not Possible |
Best |
Not Possible |
Not Possible |
Reduction in frequency of faults |
Worst |
Better |
Good |
Best |
First high ground fault current flows over
grounding circuit |
Best |
Worst |
Good |
Better |
Potential flashover to ground |
Poor |
Worst |
Good |
Best |
High_Resistance_Grounding-IEEE 2.92 MB |
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"High-Resistance Grounding" by Baldwin Bridger, Jr.- Senior Member IEEE, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, January/ February 1983 |
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HRG_Marathon_Oil_Case_Study 817 KB |
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"High Resistance Grounding- Case Study: Marathon Oil Company" by Jill Revolt- Segment Marketing Manager and Dave Shipp- Advisory Engineer, PQ CONNECTION, Summer 1999 |
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High_Resistance_Grounding_Tech_Paper 1.3 MB |
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"High-Resistance Grounding of 2400-Volt Delta Systems with Ground-Fault Alarm and Traceable Signal to Fault" by Francis K. Fox- General Electric Company, Howard J. Grotts- Tidewater Oil Company and Clyde H. Tipton- Standard Oil Company of California, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY & GENERAL APPLICATIONS, September/ October 1965 |
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HR203-10_OEM_Kit 337 KB |
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High Resistance Grounding OEM Kit- Information on Features, Benefits, Operation and Construction of the PulserPlus.Net High Resistance Grounding unit |
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